International Students Share Interest in Engineering and Health Care Programs, Affordability a Key Concern

Millions of students pursue international education every year. It's a movement that's continued through global shifts in affordability and access, and will continue to grow. In fact, some sources project there will be over 9 million international students by 2030.
To see how future students' priorities are shifting and what factors are shaping their journey, the team at ApplyBoard, an international student mobility platform, runs a semi-annual Student Pulse Survey. Since the first survey in 2022, over 3,500 students have shared their thoughts. The most recent survey ran between February 25, 2025, and March 12, 2025, and collected insights from nearly 850 students.
Let's take a closer look at which programs and careers students are aiming for, how changing policies are affecting their plans, and which study destinations are gaining ground.
Key Findings:
- In the survey, affordability was the most commonly cited determining factor when choosing a study program. It was noted as important by 77% of respondents.
- 92% of surveyed students indicated some level of interest in studying in the US.
- Due to rising costs, just over one in four students are considering different study destinations than they'd initially planned.
Strong Interest for Studying in the US Rises
When asked where they'd like to study, 65% of respondents were only interested in studying in one or more of the following destinations: Australia, Canada, Germany, Ireland, the UK, and the US.
The survey also looked at students' specific levels of interest in these destinations:
As in ApplyBoard's Fall 2024 survey, more students were "extremely interested" in studying in the US than in any of the other featured destinations in Spring 2025.
However, because more students were "very interested" and "moderately interested" in studying in Canada, Canada remained the top choice by weighted average. Across the pond, strong interest ("extremely" and "very" interested) for studying in the UK and Germany remained relatively unchanged, but strong interest in Ireland climbed by three percentage points.
Interest in Top Anglophone Destinations Resilient through Policy, Government Changes
In 2024, international education and immigration policy changes reshaped the study abroad landscape. This was particularly notable in countries like Canada, which introduced a cap on international students while also changing eligibility guidelines for its popular post-graduation work permit program.
Although 2025 has seen further changes across these destinations, in February and early March of 2025, respondents' intent to become international students remained strong. In fact,
student sentiment was at least twice as positive as it was negative around how recent policy or government changes affected their desire to study in these destinations:
Policy and government changes had the most effect—positive or negative—on students' desire to study in the United States and Canada. Only 29% of students noted "no change" to their desire to study in either destination due to these shifts (1). Conversely, nearly 50% of respondents noted no change in their desire to study in Australia due to recent policy and government changes.
Affordability is Central to Many Future Students' Plans
When asked which factors were most important to students when choosing a study program, affordable tuition fees was by far the most popular choice, selected by 77% of respondents (2). The next most popular choice, a high graduate employment rate, was at 57%. Rounding out the top five choices were a program that leads into the student's chosen career (49%), high-quality teaching (47%), and the program's reputation (45%).
The survey also asked how affordability was affecting future students' plans. Despite rising costs, most students don't want to wait:
Only 9% of surveyed students plan to defer their program due to financial concerns. 16% are considering different programs than they'd initially planned to pursue, while 11% are looking at shorter programs.
These shifts may precede an uptick in applications to colleges and universities which offer accelerated programs. Additionally, institutions that create and highlight alternate paths for international students may capture students who are still interested in an international experience, but who are more budget-conscious than previous cohorts.
Cost also affects which destination countries students will consider. Students remain curious about more affordable—if less popular—locations, a shift in student behaviour which institutions in top study destinations must wrangle with in 2025 and beyond. In fact,
26% of surveyed students were thinking about studying in different destinations than they'd initially planned on for affordability reasons.
Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Care Guide Students' Program and Career Choices
Business and management programs are historically the most popular program choices for international students, and the survey results for the Spring 2025 Student Pulse Survey reinforce this trend. Nearly two in five respondents were interested in business programs:
Math, computer science, and IT programs were the next most popular category, receiving interest from 24% of students. Engineering (23%) and health care (21%) were close behind. New for this round of the survey, education programs captured interest from 11% of respondents. As such, interest in education outpaced interest in the fine arts, physical and life sciences, and humanities.
Finally, we asked students about the last step in their student journey: their career. What do their dream jobs look like? The answer is multifaceted:
In the survey results, "engineer" appeared more than any other word. Most students knew their engineering specialization, as well: only 18% had a general response of "engineer." Software engineering was the most popular choice, followed by civil engineering.
The second-most popular response was "nurse," highlighting (along with "health care") a strong interest in health sciences,
in alignment with current labour market trends. After “nurse”, there was a three-way tie between "lecturer," "researcher," and "human resources," illustrating students' desire to continuously learn and share their knowledge, whether as an instructor, academic, or private sector employee.
Students were also very interested in tech careers: IT, cybersecurity, and data analysis were among the top 20 picks, with data science, computer science, and artificial intelligence following close behind.
International students aren't afraid to take a chance on themselves, so it makes sense that careers like "entrepreneur" and "business owner" appear in the top 10 answers. "Consultant" had a top spot on their list, as well. Many students see
consulting as a stepping-stone: a way to get experience with different businesses and in different fields, before stepping into a more specific career.
Next Steps
International student preferences are constantly evolving, and are affected by global trends in affordability, accessibility, and career opportunities. As such, adapting to current student preferences is a key part of building your institution's international student population.
Based on the Student Pulse Survey results, here are some actions which can help your institution thrive:
- Harness the power of customization when attracting international student audiences. Where possible, offering multiple program timelines (like regular and accelerated) may boost your institution's appeal to students with different timelines and budgets.
- Only 3% of international students who responded to the survey didn't intend to work while studying. So, including clear work-while-studying guidelines with the welcome or orientation materials can set new students up for success. It's also a good opportunity to emphasize the importance of following their F or M visa conditions.
- In a time of fluctuating currency valuations, variable visa approval rates, and shifting geopolitical relations, diversification of student source markets supports a thriving international student population on campus. This is doubly true as emerging destination markets broaden their appeal to future students.
The team at ApplyBoard also runs a bi-annual survey of their global network of recruitment professionals. Its most recent edition ran in March 2025: check it out to learn
how international recruitment counsellors' outlooks compared to future students.
About ApplyBoard
ApplyBoard empowers students everywhere by simplifying the study abroad search, application, and acceptance process to 1,500+ institutions across Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, and Ireland. Headquartered in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada, ApplyBoard has helped over 1.3 million students from 150+ countries since 2015. Learn more:
www.applyboard.com.
(1) This edition of the Student Pulse Survey ran in late February and early March 2025, prior to the closure of the U.S. Department of Education and the revocation of hundreds of international student visas which began in late March.
(2) Students could choose up to five different answers to this question.





